Rock art dating back to Neolithic period discovered in Nalgonda

Hyderabad: An archaeologist found rock bruisings from the prehistoric period on a hillock located on the outskirts of Ramalingalagudem village in Nalgonda district. During a survey of the area, archaeologist Dr E Sivanagi Reddy identified engravings of bulls, stags, dogs, human figures, and a striking depiction of a man fighting a tiger.
These figures, dated to the Neolithic period (6000–4000 BCE), were created using stone tools through repeated striking.
Dr Reddy noted that the engravings reflect the lifestyle of prehistoric humans, especially their hunting practices and an inherent drive to express their interactions with nature.
He also discovered rock shelters likely used as temporary campsites, along with grooves in front of them—evidence of stone axes being sharpened. At the end of his exploration, Dr Reddy sensitised the local villagers about the need to preserve rock art, emphasising its archaeological significance. Artist Silpi Venkatesh also participated.
According to Dr Reddy, over 100 sites featuring rock paintings and bruisings have been identified across Telangana. These artworks, which began in the Mesolithic period (around 12,500 BCE), and continued into the Iron Age (1000 BCE), often depict scenes of hunting, combat, dancing, and everyday life.
Executed by using natural and vegetable colours mixed with tree slime and animal fats, the paintings were drawn on outcrops, walls, and ceilings of rock shelters and caves. The imagery includes men, women, animals, birds, and aquatic life, depicted in both stick (linear) and full-body forms.
The bruisings at Ramalingalagudem, like those at other sites, were made by striking rock surfaces with stone tools. Sites like Pandavula Gutta even exhibit x-ray-style paintings showing skeletal and internal features. The most common colours used in these artworks include red, yellow, and white.